目的 系统评价我国3～6岁学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)的影响因素，为防治和治疗提供科学依据。方法 检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane等数据库，收集关于学龄前儿童IDA影响因素的相关中英文文献，检索时限为建库至2023年2月。采用Stata16。0软件进行meta分析。结果 最终纳入10篇文献，涉及学龄前儿童37 915例。meta分析结果显示，我国学龄前儿童IDA发生率为2。89％～13。85％，总体呈下降趋势，但地域差异仍然明显。年龄(OR=1。79，95％CI:1。39～2。31)、民族(OR=2。25，95％CI:1。61～3。14)、孕周(OR=1。39，95％CI:1。17～1。66)、家庭收入(OR=1。36，95％CI:1。17～1。59)、饮食习惯(OR=1。98，95％CI:1。63～2。40)、妊娠期贫血(OR=2。88，95％CI:1。27～6。55)、肠胃消化功能(OR=1。59，95％CI:1。21～2。10)、既往病史(OR=2。32，95％CI:2。06～2。62)、未补充铁元素(OR=1。93，95％CI:1。35～3。52)、肉蛋奶类食物摄入量(OR=1。60，95％CI:1。36～1。87)是我国学龄前儿童IDA的主要影响因素。结论 年龄小、少数民族、孕周不足、家庭收入过低、不良饮食习惯、妊娠期贫血、肠胃消化功能不良、既往病史、未及时补充铁元素、蛋奶类食物摄入量过低会对我国学龄前儿童IDA发生率产生影响。
Influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in preschool children:a meta-analysis
Objective To systematically evaluate the influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in preschool children aged 3-6 years in China,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment.Methods CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane and other databases were searched to col-lect relevant Chinese and English literatures on the influencing factors of IDA in preschool children from the establishment of the database to February 2023.Meta-analysis was performed using Stata16.0 software.Re-sults A total of 10 articles were included,involving 37 915 preschool children.The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of IDA in preschool children in China was 2.89％-13.85％,with an overall down-ward trend,but the regional differences were still obvious.Age(OR=1.79,95％CI:1.39-2.31),ethnicity(OR=2.25,95％CI:1.61-3.14),gestational age(OR=1.39,95％CI:1.17-1.66),family income(OR=1.36,95％CI:1.17-1.59),dietary habit(OR=1.98,95％CI:1.63-2.40),anemia during pregnancy(OR=2.88,95％CI:1.27-6.55),gastrointestinal digestive function(OR=1.5 9,95％CI:1.21-2.10),past medical history(OR=2.32,95％CI:2.06-2.62),unsupplemented iron(OR=1.93,95％CI:1.35-3.52),and intake of meat,egg and milk foods(OR=1.60,95％CI:1.36-1.87)were the main influencing factors for IDA in preschool children in China.Conclusion Young age,ethnicity minorities,insufficient gestational age,low fam-ily income,poor dietary habit,anemia during pregnancy,poor gastrointestinal digestive function,past medical history,failure to supplement iron in time,and low intake of meat,egg and milk foods can have an impact to the incidence of IDA in preschool children in China.
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