Study on the diagnostic value and detection rate of patent foramen ovale under Valsalva maneuver by ultrasound and contrast echocardiography
Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)and transthoracic right heart contrast echocardiography(RHCE)for patent foramen ovale(PFO)and the effect of Valsalva maneuver on the detection rate of PFO.Methods A retrospective analysis was conduc-ted on the imaging data of 395 patients with suspected PFO who visited this hospital from March 2021 to Jan-uary 2023.All patients underwent TTE,RHCE in resting state,and RHCE under Valsalva maneuver.Results The detection rate of PFO by RHCE was higher than that by TTE,and the detection rate of PFO by RHCE under Valsalva maneuver was higher than that in resting state,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The grade of right-to-left shunt detected by RHCE under Valsalva maneuver was higher than that in resting state,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).The number of cardiac cycles required for the left atrium to become visible after the right atrium was fully visualized with agitated saline contrast in RHCE under Valsalva maneuver was smaller than that in resting state,with a statistically significant differ-ence(P＜0.05).Conclusion RHCE and Valsalva maneuver are helpful in the detection of PFO.
Patent foramen ovaleTransthoracic echocardiographyRight heart contrast echocar-diographyValsalva maneuverResting state
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