Lung cancer can be classified into two major histopathological types:non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and small cell lung cancer,with NSCLC being the most common type.Most patients are di-agnosed at an advanced stage.In recent years,the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)has im-proved the treatment outcomes of advanced tumors,particularly significantly prolonging the survival of pa-tients with advanced NSCLC.Due to various reasons,treatment strategies after ICI discontinuation are of great significance to patients.Re-challenge of immunotherapy,as one of the alternative options,has generated rele-vant research data.This article reviews the research progress of immunotherapy re-challenge in advanced NSCLC,summarizes the latest relevant studies,provides references for clinical treatment,and explores factors associated with better outcomes.
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