As a core component of the 26S proteasome,PSMB5 plays a key role in regulating protein degradation and cell cycle,and its abnormal expression is closely related to the development of multiple tumor types.This review reviewed the structure and function of proteasomes,the relationship between PSMB5 and tumorigenesis,development and drug resistance,and discussed potential therapeutic strategies for PSMB5.The study of PSMB5 can not only help predict the effect of tumor treatment,but also provide patients with more precise and effective treatment plans.