The number of invasive fungal infections is as high as about 6.55 million people each year in the world,and it leads to about 3.8 million deaths,among which aspergillus pulmonary infection is the most common.Because the specificity of clinical and imaging manifestations of pulmonary aspergillosis is not obvi-ous,traditional laboratory tests have different degrees of limitations such as long detection period and relative-ly low sensitivity.Molecular biology detection techniques such as next generation sequencing and Aspergillus polymerase chain reaction have made up for the shortcomings of traditional diagnostic techniques.Molecular biology technology is bound to usher in a broader application prospect.