基于消费的碳公平:内涵、测度与政策含义
Consumption-based Carbon Equality:Implications,Measurements and Policy Implleations
夏克郁 1陈迎2
作者信息
- 1. 中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院
- 2. 中国社会科学院生态文明研究所
- 折叠
摘要
消费侧行动是促进"双碳"目标落实的关键环节.但是,随着我国经济发展和人民生活水平提高,收入差距所引发的居民消费侧排放过大差距隐患浮现,对进一步释放消费侧减排潜力造成了制约.本文通过明晰消费侧碳公平内涵,利用投入产出表、百分位法、面积法综合测度了我国2005-2020年消费侧碳公平水平,并基于消费侧碳公平现状分析了对应的政策含义.研究结论如下:(1)消费侧碳不公平是指不同收入层次人群由于其消费需求产生的碳排放量差异过大问题,消费侧碳公平强调各个收入群体承担公平的减排责任;(2)2020年收入最高的10％人群人均居民碳足迹为19.06吨CO2,相比2005年增加了4倍多,约为收入最低的50％人群人均居民碳足迹的5倍;(3)2005-2020年,我国碳基尼系数稳定在0.60左右,消费侧碳不公平问题严重.本文研究结论丰富了我国消费侧碳公平内涵诠释,并为我国消费侧碳公平现状提供了定量判断,为制定更精准有效的消费侧减排政策提供了理论支撑和实证结果参考.
Abstract
Consumption-side action is a key link to promote the implementation of the"Dual Carbon"Goal.However,with China's economic development and the improvement of people's living standards,the hidden dangers of household consumption emissions caused by income disparities have emerged,which has constrained the further release of the potential of consumption-side emission reduction.By clarifying the connotation of consumption-side carbon equality,this paper comprehensively measures the level of consumption-side carbon equality in China from 2005 to 2020 by using the input-output table,percentile method and area method,and analyzes the corresponding policy implications based on the current situation of consumption-side carbon equality.The conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)Consumption-side carbon equality refers to the problem of excessive differences in carbon emissions generated by different income levels due to their consumption needs,and consumption-side carbon equality emphasizes that each income group bears a fair responsibility for emission reduction.(2)In 2020,the per capita carbon footprint of the top 10％of residents was 19.06 tons of CO2,an increase of more than four times compared with 2005,and about five times that of the lowest 50％of residents.(3)From 2005 to 2020,China's carbon-based coefficient was stable at about 0.60,and the problem of carbon inequality on the consumption side was serious.The conclusions of this paper enrich the interpretation of the connotation of China's consumption-side carbon equality,provide a quantitative judgment for the current status of China's consumption-side carbon equality,and provide theoretical support and empirical reference for formulating more accurate and effective consumption-side emission reduction policies.
关键词
消费侧减排/碳公平/基尼系数/"双碳"目标/绿色消费Key words
Consumption-side Carbon Reduction/Carbon Equality/Gini coefficient/"Dual Carbon"Goal/Green Consumption引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中国社科院创新工程项目(2021STSB01)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据