国际碳平等的内涵、测度和事实——基于1850-2022年数据的历史分析
The Connotation,Measurement and Facts of International Carbon Equality:Historical Analysis Based on Data from 1850 to 2022
刘波1
作者信息
摘要
"碳平等"是"积极参与应对气候变化全球治理"的基本原则,也是落实《巴黎协定》的应有之义.文章以平等理论为基础,结合各国碳排放的历史经纬,在满足个人基本需求、保障国家发展空间的前提下,界定"碳平等"的理论内涵,并从年排放量、累计排放量与基于生命周期的排放量三个维度,测度和分解碳排放差距.结果表明:1850-2022年,虽然高收入国家与中、低收入国家的年排放差距略有缩窄,但在累计排放量和基于生命周期的排放量上还存在较大差距,国际碳平等程度呈下降趋势.结合测度结果,本文从争取发展空间、建立权责机制和强化国际合作三个方面提出对策建议.
Abstract
Carbon equality is a fundamental principle of actively participating in global governance to address climate change,and it is also a necessary obligation to implement the Paris Agreement.This article is based on the theory of equality,combined with the historical context of carbon emissions in various countries,and defines the theoretical connotation of"carbon equality"on the premise of meeting individual basic needs and ensuring national development space;Measure and decompose the carbon emission gap from three dimensions:annual emissions,cumulative emissions,and emissions based on the lifecycle.Empirical research shows that from 1850 to 2022,although the annual emission gap between high-income countries and middle and low-income countries has slightly narrowed,there is still a significant gap in cumulative emissions and emissions based on the lifecycle,and the level of international carbon equality is showing a downward trend.Based on the results,this article proposes suggestions from three aspects:striving for development space,establishing rights and responsibilities mechanisms,and strengthening international cooperation.
关键词
碳平等/温室气体/发展权/S基尼系数/气候变化/二氧化碳/《巴黎协议》Key words
Equality of Carbon/Greenhouse Gases/Right of Development/S-Gini Coefficient/Climate Change/Carbon Dioxide/The Paris Agreement引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据