为研究消防救援人员在高温环境下训练及救援作业时的热生理响应,本文基于人体温度调节机制,对二节点模型中人体表面积、服装性能、人体与环境的对流换热系数进行修正,并控制最大血流速度,选定皮肤、核心调定温度构建适用于消防救援作业的热生理模型.通过与文献中的人体热生理试验数据进行对比,验证改进的热生理模型的预测精度,并利用已验证的模型预测消防员高温环境(40℃和60℃)下作业时的核心温度和安全持续作业时间.结果表明:在4个不同试验工况下,核心温度和皮肤温度模拟值与试验值的最大误差分别小于1.24℃和1.57℃,构建的热生理模型有较高可靠性;通过预测消防员在 2 个高温工况(40℃,相对湿度 50%;60℃,相对湿度50%)下的核心温度变化,发现40℃和60℃下救援人员安全持续作业最长时间分别为12 min和6 min.
Research on construction,optimization and prediction of firefighters'thermal physiology model in high temperature environment
In order to study the thermophysiological response of firefighters during training and rescue operations in high-temperature environments,this paper constructs a thermophysi-ological model applicable to firefighting and rescue operations based on the human body's thermoregulatory mechanism,correct-ing the surface area of the human body,the performance of the clothing,and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the human body and the environment in the two-node model,as well as con-trolling the maximal blood flow rate,and selecting the skin and core tuning temperatures.The predictive accuracy of the im-proved thermophysiological model was verified by comparative analysis with human thermophysiological test data in the litera-ture,and the verified model was used to predict the core tempera-tures and safe sustained operating time of firefighters in high-temperature environments(40 ℃ and 60 ℃).The results showed that:under four different test conditions,the maximum error be-tween the simulated value and the test value of core temperature and skin temperature did not exceed 1.24℃ and 1.57℃ respec-tively,and the constructed thermophysiological model had a high reliability;it was found that,by predicting the change of the core temperature of firefighters under two high-temperature conditions(40℃,50%relative humidity;60℃,50%relative humidity),the longest time for rescue personnel to safely continue the opera-tion under 40℃ and 60℃ is 12 min and 6 min,respectively.
firefightershigh temperature environmentthermal physiology modelcore temperatureskin temperature
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
