高温环境下消防员热生理模型构建优化及预测研究
Research on construction,optimization and prediction of firefighters'thermal physiology model in high temperature environment
洪诗艺 1闫晓波 1高浩翔 1洪赢政1
作者信息
- 1. 应急管理部上海消防研究所,上海 200032
- 折叠
摘要
为研究消防救援人员在高温环境下训练及救援作业时的热生理响应,本文基于人体温度调节机制,对二节点模型中人体表面积、服装性能、人体与环境的对流换热系数进行修正,并控制最大血流速度,选定皮肤、核心调定温度构建适用于消防救援作业的热生理模型.通过与文献中的人体热生理试验数据进行对比,验证改进的热生理模型的预测精度,并利用已验证的模型预测消防员高温环境(40℃和60℃)下作业时的核心温度和安全持续作业时间.结果表明:在4个不同试验工况下,核心温度和皮肤温度模拟值与试验值的最大误差分别小于1.24℃和1.57℃,构建的热生理模型有较高可靠性;通过预测消防员在 2 个高温工况(40℃,相对湿度 50%;60℃,相对湿度50%)下的核心温度变化,发现40℃和60℃下救援人员安全持续作业最长时间分别为12 min和6 min.
Abstract
In order to study the thermophysiological response of firefighters during training and rescue operations in high-temperature environments,this paper constructs a thermophysi-ological model applicable to firefighting and rescue operations based on the human body's thermoregulatory mechanism,correct-ing the surface area of the human body,the performance of the clothing,and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the human body and the environment in the two-node model,as well as con-trolling the maximal blood flow rate,and selecting the skin and core tuning temperatures.The predictive accuracy of the im-proved thermophysiological model was verified by comparative analysis with human thermophysiological test data in the litera-ture,and the verified model was used to predict the core tempera-tures and safe sustained operating time of firefighters in high-temperature environments(40 ℃ and 60 ℃).The results showed that:under four different test conditions,the maximum error be-tween the simulated value and the test value of core temperature and skin temperature did not exceed 1.24℃ and 1.57℃ respec-tively,and the constructed thermophysiological model had a high reliability;it was found that,by predicting the change of the core temperature of firefighters under two high-temperature conditions(40℃,50%relative humidity;60℃,50%relative humidity),the longest time for rescue personnel to safely continue the opera-tion under 40℃ and 60℃ is 12 min and 6 min,respectively.
关键词
消防员/高温环境/热生理模型/核心温度/皮肤温度Key words
firefighters/high temperature environment/thermal physiology model/core temperature/skin temperature引用本文复制引用
基金项目
应急管理部上海消防研究所科技项目(22SX41)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据