18650三元锂电池热失控危险性及燃烧痕迹特征研究
Research on the risk of thermal runaway and characteristics of combustion traces of 18650 ternary lithium batteries
吴俊涛 1李芳 2杨生魁1
作者信息
- 1. 格尔木市金峰路消防救援站,青海 格尔木 816000
- 2. 青海省消防救援总队,青海 西宁 810000
- 折叠
摘要
为了研究三元锂电池的热失控风险,选取18650镍钴锰三元锂电池为研究对象,搭建电池热失控过程特征参数测量试验平台,探究锂离子电池在不同荷电状态、电滥用、热滥用情况下的热失控过程及燃烧痕迹特征.结果表明:锂电池正极集流板对电池过充、短路发生热失控具有一定的保护作用,荷电量在 25%以上时,电池热失控受损程度与荷电量成正比;可以结合锂离子电池热失控前后电压、温度变化以及电池爆炸燃烧的特征现象,利用温度曲线特征峰判断发生热失控的电池状态,并结合X射线、电压变化来判断电池发生的故障状态,追溯锂电池发生火灾位置.研究成果可为锂电池设计、锂电池火灾扑救以及火灾调查提供参考依据.
Abstract
In order to study the thermal runaway risk of ternary lithium batteries,18650 nickel cobalt manganese ternary lithium batteries were selected as the research object,and a testing plat-form for measuring the characteristic parameters of battery ther-mal runaway process was built to explore the thermal runaway process and combustion trace characteristics of lithium-ion batter-ies under different states of charge,electrical abuse,and thermal abuse.The results show that the positive current collector plate of lithium batteries has a certain protective effect on thermal run-away caused by overcharging and short circuit of the battery.When the SOC is above 25%,the degree of thermal runaway damage to the battery is directly proportional to the charge.By combining the characteristics of voltage and temperature changes before and after thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries,as well as the characteristics of battery explosion and combustion,the characteristic peaks of the temperature curve can be used to deter-mine the state of the battery that has experienced thermal run-away,and X-ray and voltage changes can be combined to deter-mine the fault state of the battery and trace the location of the fire in the lithium-ion battery.The research results can provide refer-ence basis for lithium battery design,lithium battery fire extin-guishing,and fire investigation.
关键词
镍钴锰三元锂电池/过充/热失控/温度/燃烧痕迹Key words
nickel cobalt manganese ternary lithium battery/over-charging/thermal runaway/temperature/burning marks引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据