摘要
为量化研究直升机消防吊桶灭火过程中消防吊桶姿态对洒水精准度及直升机稳定性的影响,搭建直升机消防吊桶姿态试验平台开展消防吊桶缩尺寸试验.开展来流速度、质量、绳索长度、加装尾鳍4种因素影响下直升机消防吊桶摆动试验,利用以姿态传感器和拉力传感器为核心的数据采集系统采集试验过程中消防吊桶的姿态角和绳索垂直方向的受力.结果表明:来流速度为 8、16、24 m/s时姿态角变化极差为 7.85°、20.40°、34.84°,绳索垂直方向受力极大值与自身重力之差为0.18、1.13、2.29 N;质量为301、271、241 g时,姿态角变化极差为17.45°、20.40°、38.27°,绳索垂直方向受力极大值与自身重力之差为 0.95、1.13、1.17 N;绳索长度为 100、150、200 mm时,姿态角变化极差为22.41°、20.40°、19.61°,绳索垂直方向受力极大值与自身重力之差为1.93、1.79、1.56 N;正交试验分析得出不同工况的影响因素大小为来流速度>绳索长度>质量,其中来流速度对试验结果影响极显著(P<0.01);直升机消防吊桶是否加装尾鳍的姿态角变化极差为 15.78°、55.76°,绳索垂直方向受力极大值与自身重力之差为 0.64、1.06 N.综上,降低来流速度、增加消防吊桶质量、增加绳索长度及加装尾鳍可有效降低消防吊桶姿态变化幅度,提高垂直方向受力的均匀性,从而优化洒水精度和直升机稳定性.
Abstract
To quantitatively study the influence of the posture of the helicopter fire bucket on the accuracy of watering and the sta-bility of the helicopter during the firefighting process,a helicopter fire bucket posture experimental platform was constructed to de-sign and carry out scaled size tests of the fire bucket.Conduct heli-copter fire bucket swing tests considering four factors:incoming flow velocity,mass,rope length,and installation of tail fins.Use a data acquisition system with attitude sensors and tension sensors as the core to collect the attitude angle of the fire bucket and the vertical force of the rope during the experiment.The results show that the range of attitude angle changes is 7.85°,20.40°,and 34.84° when the inflow velocity is 8,16,and 24 m/s.The differ-ence between the maximum vertical force on the rope and its own gravity is 0.18,1.13,and 2.29 N;When the mass is 301,271,and 241 g,the range of attitude angle changes is 17.45°,20.40°,and 38.27°.The difference between the maximum vertical force on the rope and its own gravity is 0.95,1.13,and 1.17 N;When the length of the rope is 100,150,and 200 mm,the range of atti-tude angle changes is 22.41°,20.40° and 19.61°.The difference between the maximum vertical force of the rope and its own grav-ity is 1.93,1.79,and 1.56 N;Orthogonal experimental analysis shows that the degree of influence for different working conditions in descending order is inflow velocity>rope length>mass,with inflow velocity having a significant impact on the experimental re-sults(P<0.01);The attitude angle variation range of helicopter fire buckets with or without tail fins is 15.78° and 55.76°,and the difference between the maximum vertical force on the rope and its own gravity is 0.64 N and 1.06 N.In summary,reducing the in-flow velocity,increasing the mass of the fire bucket,increasing the length of the rope,and installing tail fins can effectively re-duce the amplitude of the posture change of the fire bucket and im-prove the uniformity of vertical force,thereby optimizing the sprinkler accuracy and helicopter stability.
基金项目
中国民用航空局安全能力建设资金项目(SA202123)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据