摘要
目的:探讨以LEARNS[聆听(L)、建立(E)、应用(A)、提高(R)、反馈教学(N)、强化(S)]模式为基础的健康教育在急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者PCI术后中的干预效果.方法:选取2021年1月至2022年3月,在河北省张家口市第一医院,接受PCI治疗的120例AMI患者,用随机数字表法分为A组及B组,每组例数均为60例.采用常规措施对A组患者进行干预,采用以LEARNS模式为基础的健康教育联合A组患者常规措施对B组患者进行干预.两组患者出院后的随访时间均为12个月.比较两组知信行水平、疾病感知情况、心理状态及自我管理能力(干预前、随访12个月后),遵医情况(干预期间).结果:两组随访12个月后的疾病同一性、疾病急慢性、情绪陈述、严重后果、疾病周期性评分、心理状态相关评分均低于干预前,且相比于A组,B组更低;两组治疗控制性、个人控制性、疾病相关性、健康知识、健康信念、健康行为评分及自我管理能力各项评分均提高,且B组变化明显(P＜0.05).干预期间,相比于A组,B组服药、饮食、作息规律、运动锻炼、心绞痛预防管理、戒烟戒酒及定期复查遵医率均更高(P＜0.05).结论:AMI患者PCI术后经LEARNS模式为基础的健康教育可有效促进疾病感知及知信行水平的改善,改善患者心理状态,并提高患者自我管理能力及遵医情况.
Abstract
Objective:To explore the effect of health education based on LEARNS[(listening(L),establishing(E),applying(A),improving(R),feedback teaching(N),and strengthening(S)]model in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)after PCI.Methods:The research subjects were selected from AMI PCI patients who received treatment at the First Hospital of Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province from January 2021 to March 2022.A total of 120 patients were included and divided into the group A and the group B,with 60 cases in each group.The grouping method was random number table method.Intervention was conducted on the group A patients using routine measures,and combine health education based on the LEARNS model with routine measures for the group A patients to intervene in the group B.The follow-up time for both groups of patients after discharge was 12 months.Level of knowledge and behavior,disease perception,mental state and self-management ability(before intervention and after 12 months of follow-up),medical compliance(during intervention)were compared between the two groups.Results:The scores of acute and chronic disease,disease identity,severe consequences,emotional statements,disease periodicity,mental state of both groups after 12 months of follow-up were lower than before intervention,and compared with the group A,the group B was lower.The scores of treatment control,personal control,disease correlation,health knowledge,health belief,health behavior and self-management ability were higher than before intervention,and the increase in the group B was greater(P＜0.05).During the intervention period,compared with the group A,the rates of medication,diet,rest and rest regularity,exercise,angina pectoris prevention and management,smoking and drinking cessation and regular review compliance in the group B were higher(P＜0.05).Conclusions:Health education based on the LEARNS model can effectively promote the improvement of disease perception and knowledge,belief,and behavior levels in AMI PCI patients after surgery,improve the psychological state of patients,and improve the self-management ability and medical compliance of patients.
维普
万方数据