Effects of Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer Regulation on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Machine-Picked Cotton in a 76 cm Equidistant Row Spacing Configuration Pattern
In order to find out the most suitable planting density and nitrogen fertilizer application rate of machine-picked cotton under the 76 cm equidistant row spacing planting pattern in Awati County,Aksu Region,Xinjiang,this experiment analyzed the effects of different densities conditions and nitrogen applica-tion rate of machine-picked cotton under the 76 cm equidistant row spacing planting pattern on the growth characteristics and yield of cotton by setting up three planting densities and three nitrogen application gra-dients.The test variety was Xinluzhong 88,and the experiment was designed as a split-zone experiment,with planting density as the main zone and nitrogen fertilizer application as the secondary zone.The plant-ing density was set as M1(135 000 plants/hm2),M2(180 000 plants/hm2)and M3(225 000 plants/hm2),and the nitrogen fertilizer application rate(pure nitrogen)was set as N1(0 kg/hm2),N2(300 kg/hm2)and N3(600 kg/hm2).The agronomic traits during the bud,flower and boll stage,dry matter accumulation during the seedling,bud,flower,boll stage and fluffing stage as well as yield and yield components were measured to comprehensively evaluate the suitable planting density and N application under 76 cm equidis-tant row spacing planting pattern.The results showed that under the condition of the same density,in-creasing the amount of nitrogen application was favorable to the dry matter accumulation of cotton,and the treatment with a density of 225 000 plants/hm2 and a nitrogen application of 600 kg/hm2 had the longest time of rapid accumulation,which was 38.89 d.However,the proportion of its nutrient and reproductive organs distribution was disproportionate,which was unfavorable to the formation of cotton yield.In the same amount of nitrogen application,the number of bolls per plant decreased with the increase of density,indicating that the number of bolls per unit area increased under the condition of low density could not make up for the number of bolls of the group;and the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application could make up for the decrease in the number of bolls per unit plant and the weight of bolls per unit area due to the in-crease of density,which was conducive to the formation of cotton yield.But the highest seed cotton yield of 6 194.38 kg/hm2 was obtained under the treatment of density 135 000 plants/hm2 and nitrogen application of 600 kg/hm2,but there was no significant difference with the cotton yield of 6 171.61 kg/hm2 under the treatment of density 180 000 plants/hm2 and nitrogen application of 300 kg/hm2.Therefore,under the 76 cm equidistant row spacing machine-picked cotton planting pattern in Aksu cotton area,the growth con-dition of cotton treated with density of 180 000 plants/hm2 and N application of 300 kg/hm2 is quiet ideal,that is higher rapid dry matter accumulation and higher seed cotton yield are achieved.
76 cm equidistant row spacingdensityN applicationdry matteryield
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