[Objective]To analyze the soil diversity of Lop Nor by soil diversity theory and measure method.[Method]To obtain the spatial properties by vectorization way based on ArcGIS and diversity index and statistical data based on Excel software . [ Result] There is few soil group in Lop Nor. On the different terrain unit , richness,diversity and uniform indices with the soil subgroup distribution of gypseous salt crust are very high; On the different geologic unit, richness and diversity indices with the soil subgroup distribution of cainozoic basin are the highest,but , the uniform indices are the lowest. Totally , correlation between unit area and richness , diversity and uniform fit quadratic equation . [ Conclusion]Soil diversity is affected by comprehensive factors including soil classification, unit area, soil subgroup area and so on.