Effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on sunflower yield and relativity
[Objective]The objective of this study is to explore the effects of the interaction between planting density and reduced fertilization on yield and correlation of edible sunflower(hereinafter referred to as shikui)in Ta'eken area,in order to obtain the optimal planting density and optimal fertilization rate of edible sunflower.[Methods]The experimental materials of Tongqing No.5 cultivar were used to design the two-factor split plot of density and reduced fertilization,with 3 replicates,a total of 36 plots,the main area was the planting density,and 4 levels were set:M1,M2,M3,M4,and the sub-area was reduced fertilization,and 3 treatments:F1(N 277 kg/hm2,P 115 kg/hm2,K 130 kg/hm2),F2(10％reduction)and F3(20％reduction)were set.The biological traits,economic traits and yield were measured at harvest time,and the effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on the biological traits,economic traits and yield of edible sunflower were calculated and analyzed.[Results]Under the same planting density,the plant height,flower disc diame-ter and stem diameter of sunflower were increased first and then decreased,and the effect was not significant,the plant height was 208.03 cm,220.4 cm,236.27 cm and 240.67 cm in F2(10％weight loss),and the di-ameter of flower disc was the best,which was 21.91 cm,20.41 cm and 19.94 cm,respectively.19.77 cm,the diameter diameter was the thickest,3.95 cm,3.87 cm,3.73 cm,3.61 cm,respectively,the plant height showed a significant effect between different density treatments,the plant height was the highest M4 density of 240.34 cm,the stem diameter and the flower disc diameter showed a decreasing trend with the increase of planting density,the same density of chemical fertilizer application on the yield component factors of sunflower seed setting rate,single disc grain weight and 100 grain weight,under different densities had a significant effect on the yield factor.The results showed that the grain weight of the single disc of sunflower was between 177.62 g-187.43 g,The100-grain weight was between19.36 g-21.88 g,and all of them showed a decreasing trend with the increase of planting density.It can be seen that the effect of chemical fertilizer reduction on sun-flower yield first increased and then decreased,and the average yield of F2 was the highest under the same den-sity condition,which was 3 976.94 kg/hm2,indicating that appropriate reduced fertilization played an impor-tant role in the improvement of sunflower yield.The interaction of planting density and reduced fertilization had a significant effect on the yield of edible sunflower,and the combined M2 F2 treatment was the best,and the yield performance was the highest,which was 4 344.35 kg/hm2,the planting density of M2 F2 treatment was 25 965 plants/hm2,and the chemical fertilizer reduction was 10％,i.e.,urea 450 kg/hm2,ethylenediamine phos-phate 225 kg/hm2,and potassium sulfate 225 kg/hm2.[Conclusion]In conclusion,the optimal combination of density and chemical fertilizer application rate in Ta'eken area was the best in M2 F2 treatment,and the yield reached the highest(4 344.35 kg/hm2),and the yield component factor had obvious advantages,which showed that the seed setting rate reached the highest(82.06％)In summary,the combination of the optimal density and fertilizer application rate in the Taeken area was M2 F2 treatment,which could be converted into better eco-nomic benefits,which was more suitable for the promotion of sunflower planting in the Taeken area,and provid-ed scientific theoretical basis and technical support for the cultivation technology of sunflower in the Taeken ar-ea.
万方数据
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