摘要
[目的]分析新疆北疆谷子适宜钾肥用量及对其生长发育的影响,为新疆北疆生态区春播谷子高产栽培提供理论依据.[方法]以豫谷18 号为试材,设5 种钾肥用量(0、75、150、225、300 kg/hm2)的大田试验.测定谷子干物质含量积累、叶绿素含量、节间充实度、农艺性状及产量等指标.[结果]随着施钾量的增加,各农艺指标呈现单峰曲线变化,K225 处理为峰值,株高、穗长、穗粗、茎基粗、叶长及叶宽相比 K0 处理显著增加8.1%、26.1%、20.9%、22.6%、12.9%及 9.4%.与对照(0 kg/hm2)相比,施钾处理使豫谷 18 号显著增产1.2%～6.4%,钾肥用量 225 kg/hm2处理产量最高,为7 891.1 kg/hm2.与对照(0 kg/hm2)相比,花后各时期的叶绿素含量显著增加,呈先增加后下降的趋势,在K225 处理下达到峰值.干物质含量积累随生育期的延长呈"J"型曲线变化,干物质含量积累速率呈单峰曲线变化,最大积累速率在抽穗期-齐穗期达到顶峰.[结论]适量钾肥施入,对新疆北疆地区谷子生长发育影响显著,K225处理为新疆谷子钾肥最佳施用量.
Abstract
[Objective]In order to clarify the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer and its influence on the growth and development of millet in North Xinjiang,and to provide theoretical basis for high-yield cul-tivation of spring sowing millet in North Xinjiang.[Methods]Five kinds of potassium fertilizer(0,75,150,225,300 kg/hm2)were used in field tests with Yugu 18 as test material.Dry matter accumulation,chlorophyll content,internode fullness,agronomic characters and yield of millet were determined.[Results]With the in-crease of potassium application,agronomic indexes showed unimodal curve change,and the highest value was found in K225 treatment.Compared with K0 treatment,plant height,ear length,ear diameter,stem base diam-eter,leaf length and leaf width were significantly increased by 8.1%,26.1%,20.9%,22.6%,12.9%and 9.4%.Compared with the control(0 kg/hm2),Yugu18 was significantly increased by1.2%-6.4%under potassium application,and the highest yield was 7,891.1 kg/hm2 under 225 kg/hm2 potassium application.(2)Compared with the control(0 kg/hm2),chlorophyll content increased significantly in each period after anther,showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and reached the peak value under K225 treat-ment.The dry matter accumulation showed a"J"shaped curve with the extension of growth period,and the dry matter accumulation rate showed a single-peak curve,and the maximum accumulation rate reached its peak from heading stage to full head stage.Moreover,the basal internode fullness increased obviously with the increase of potassium fertilizer.[Conclusion]the application of appropriate potash fertilizer has a significant effect on the growth and development of millet in northern Xinjiang,and K225 treatment is the best application amount of potash fertilizer in Xinjiang.
基金项目
国家谷子高粱产业技术体系建设项目乌鲁木齐综合试验站项目(CARS-06-14.5-B30)
国家自然科学基金地区科学基金(3206150401)
新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目(2021KZ008)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZYYD2022B03)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据