摘要
[目的]研究棉花-花生轮作模式下花生干物质积累量分配规律特性.[方法]以新疆常规连作花生为对照(CK),设置棉花-花生-棉花轮作(CPC处理)、花生-棉花-花生轮作(PCP处理)2个不同的种植模式,在花生苗期、花针期、结荚期、成熟期分别测定花生根、茎、叶和果的干鲜比、干物质积累量等指标.[结果]花生荚果干重、叶干重与单株生物量间均呈显著正相关.花生全生育期棉花-花生-棉花轮作,花生-棉花-花生轮作的茎、叶、果的干鲜比及干物质积累量均显著高于CK,其中棉花-花生-棉花轮作的百果重、百仁重和产量比CK增加21.17％、35.33％和78.02％;花生-棉花-花生轮作的百果重、百仁重、出仁率和产量比CK分别增加14.68％、6.64％、1.39％和40.54％.棉花-花生-棉花轮作百果重、百仁重均显著高出CK和花生-棉花-花生轮作处理21.42％和35.28％、5.69％和26.08％.[结论]轮作模式具有加快生育进程的效果,轮作可以显著提高干物质积累量及百果重、百仁重,且有利于花生产量的提高.
Abstract
[Objective]To characterize the dry matter accumulation and distribution pattern of peanut un-der the cotton peanut rotation pattern.[Methods]Using the conventional continuous peanut in Xinjiang as control(CK),we set up two different cropping patterns,namely,cotton-peanut-cotton rotation(CPC)and peanut-cotton-peanut rotation(PCP),and measured the dry and fresh ratios of peanut roots,stems,leaves and fruits as well as the amount of dry matter accumulated at the seedling stage,the needle stage,the podding stage and the maturity stage,respectively.[Results]There was a significant positive correlation be-tween the dry weight of peanut pods and fruits,the dry weight of leaves and the biomass of a single plant.The dry-to-fresh ratio and dry matter accumulation of stems,leaves and fruits of cotton-peanut-cotton rota-tion and peanut-cotton-peanut rotation were significantly higher than those of CK during the whole life span of peanut,in which the weight of 100 fruits,100 kernels and yield of cotton-peanut-cotton rotation increased by 21.17％,35.33％and 78.02％,respectively compared with CK;and the weight of 100 fruits,100 kernels,kernel yield and yield of peanut-cotton-peanut rotation increased by 14.68％,6.64％,1.39％and 40.54％,respectively compared with those of CK.The 100-fruit weight and 100-kernel weight of cotton-peanut-cotton rotation were significantly higher than those of CK and peanut-cotton-pea-nut rotation treatments by 21.42％and 35.28％,5.69％and 26.08％,respectively.[Conclusion]It was clearly seen that crop rotation mode achieved the effect of accelerating the fertility process.Crop rotation can significantly increase dry matter accumulation and 100-fruit and 100-kernel weights and is favorable to the improvement of peanut yield.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1000105)
国家花生产业技术体系(CARS-13)
新疆维吾尔自治区油料产业技术体系()
维普
万方数据