摘要
[目的]探究新疆北疆匀播增密对适期晚播冬小麦群体结构及产量的影响,为新疆北疆晚播小麦合理密植提供依据.[方法]在冬小麦适期播种期(9月20～30日)内及延迟播种时间(播种期为10月26日,延迟16～38 d),分析在晚播和匀播种植的方式下对冬小麦群体结构及产量的影响,试验设置田间不同种植密度为525 × 104 粒/hm2(D1,大田常规播种密度)、600 × 10 4 粒/hm2(D2)、675 × 10 4 粒/hm2(D3)、750 × 10 4 粒/hm2(D4)、825 × 10 4粒/hm2(D5)和900 × 10 4粒/hm2(D6),比较不同种植密度下适期晚播冬小麦群体结构的差异.[结果]晚播条件下,随种植密度增大,群体茎蘖数增大,茎蘖成穗率降低,D1处理茎蘖成穗率最高,为46.08％,较其它处理依次高2.01％、8.94％、29.58％、43.02％和44.63％;随密度增加小麦株高升高,D1处理均与D5、D6处理差异显著,且基部第1、第2节间粗度逐渐降低;D3处理开花期各叶层叶面积达最大值,分别为27.58、25.75和18.45 cm2,LAI也达最大值,为6.93,且其开花期较蜡熟期透光率在各处理中降幅最小.产量以D5处理产量达最高,为8 908.47 kg/hm2,最小值为D1处理,为7 320.47 kg/hm2.[结论]在晚播条件下,种植密度675 ×10 4粒/hm2拥有较好的群体结构,而825 ×10 4粒/hm2比较能获得高产,675 ×10 4～825 × 10 4粒/hm2较适合晚播冬小麦匀播种植密度.
Abstract
[Objective]To study the effects of uniform sowing on population structure and yield of late so-wing winter wheat in northern Xinjiang,and to provide basis for reasonable dense planting of late sowing wheat in the region.[Methods]Delayed sowing time(sowing date was October 26,witha delay of 16～38 d)was used to analyze the effects of late sowingand uniform sowing on the population structue and yield of winter wheat during the appropriate sowing period of winter wheat(September 20～30),and differe nt planting den-sities were set up in the field:525 × 10 4 grains/hm2(D1,the conventional sowing density of the field),600 × 104 grains/hm2(D2),675 × 10 4 grains/hm2(D3),750 × 10 4 grains/hm2(D4),825 × 10 4 grains/hm2(D5),and 900 × 10 4 grains/hm2(D6),to compare the population structure of late sowing winter wheat with different planting densities.[Results]Under late sowing conditions,with the increase of planting density,the number of stems and tillers increased,with the D1 treatment having the highest tiller success rate of 46.08％,which was higher than the other treatments by 2.01％,8.94％,29.58％,43.02％,and 44.63％,in that or-der;Plant height increased with increasing density,and all D1 treatments differed significantly from D5 and D6 treatments,and basalinternode 1 and internode 2 coarseness gradually decreased;the difference betweenD1 treatment and D5 and D6 treatment was significant,With D3 treatment(6.75 million grains/hm2),the leaf ar-ea of each leaf layer at flowering stage reached the maximumvalue(27.58 cm2,25.75 cm2,18.45 cm2),andthe leaf area index LAI also reached the maximum value(6.93),and the light transmission from flower-ingstage to wax ripening stage decreased the least among all treatments.The maximum yield was 8,908.47kg/hm2 under D5 treatment,and the minimum yield was 7,320.47 kg/hm2 under D1 treatment.[Conclusion]Un-der the condition of late sowing,the planting density of 675 × 10 4 grains/hm2 has better population structure,while 825 × 10 4 grains/hm2 is more capable of obtaining high yield,and 675 × 10 4～825 × 10 4 grains/hm2 is more suitable for late sowing of winter wheat even sowing planting density.
维普
万方数据