台风"美莎克"对黑龙江的影响及其非对称结构特征
Influence of Typhoon Maysak on Heilongjiang Province and Its Asymmetric Structure Characteristics
曲哲 1孙鹏飞 2张礼宝 3王爱香 2袁园 4石磊 2杨晓宇1
作者信息
- 1. 伊春市气象局,黑龙江 伊春 153000;成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川 成都 610225
- 2. 伊春市气象局,黑龙江 伊春 153000
- 3. 黑龙江省气象台,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
- 4. 黑河市气象局,黑龙江 黑河 164300
- 折叠
摘要
使用常规观测资料及ERA5(0.25°×0.25°)再分析资料,对 2009号台风"美莎克"进行分析.结果表明:此次过程,副热带高压异常强大,位置偏北,并与北侧阻高合并形成高压坝阻挡;"美莎克"沿副高外围北上与中纬度低涡及冷空气相互作用,变性后斜压性明显加大,低涡增强;"美莎克"携带大量水汽,同时中低空急流将海上水汽持续向黑龙江输送,并在黑龙江强烈辐合,形成强的水汽辐合区和水汽辐合带;高低空急流耦合构成强的垂直环流,对应非常强的垂直上升速度;副热带高压向西北伸展,高空引导气流和热成风方向转为西北—东南向,促使"美莎克"登陆后向西北移动,穿过黑龙江,是黑龙江出现大暴雨的主要原因.分析台风中心涡度、散度、垂直速度、位温、湿位涡等物理量的三维结构变化,认识台风在北上登陆中的变性过程以及降水出现非对称结构的原因.
Abstract
Using conventional observation data and ERA5(0.25°×0.25°)reanalyzed data to analyze typhoon Maysak,the results indicated that the subtropical anticyclone was abnormally powerful.It combined with a blocking high on the north side to create a high-pressure barrier.As it moved northward,the typhoon Maysak interacted with the subtropical anticyclone,causing an increase in baroclinic properties and vortex enhancement due to its interaction with cold air in the middle latitudes.The Maysak brought a significant amount of water vapor to Heilongjiang,where it converged with the middle and low-level jet stream to form a strong water vapor convergence area and belt.The high and low-level jet flow combine to create a strong vertical circulation,resulting in a very high vertical ascending velocity.The subtropical anticyclone extended to the northwest,and the direction of the steering flow and thermal wind turned to the northwest-southeast direction,prompting the Maysak to move to the northwest and pass through Heilongjiang after landing,which was the main reason for the heavy rain in Heilongjiang province.By analyzing the three-dimensional structural changes of the physical quantities such as the vorticity,divergence,vertical velocity,potential temperature,and wet potential vorticity of the typhoon center,we can understand the variability process of the typhoon during its northward landing and the cause of the asymmetric structure of precipitation.
关键词
美莎克/台风/暴雨/副热带高压/中纬度低涡/非对称性结构Key words
Maysak/typhoon/rainstorm/subtropical anticyclone/middle latitude vortex/asymmetric structure引用本文复制引用
基金项目
黑龙江省2022年度省重点研发计划项目(定向委托、创新基地)(GA22C003)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1507301)
2021年度中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2021Z034)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据