新疆塔城区域暴雨时空变化特征及其影响因子分析
Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Rainstorm and Its Influencing Factors in Tacheng Area,Xinjiang
高婧 1井立红 2芮建文 3张青 4井立军1
作者信息
- 1. 沙湾市气象局,新疆 沙湾 832100
- 2. 塔城地区气象局,新疆 塔城 834700
- 3. 哈密市气象局,新疆 哈密 839000
- 4. 乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
- 折叠
摘要
利用 1960-2022 年新疆塔城区域 9 个国家气象观测站逐日观测数据、国家气候中心大气环流和海温指数,分析塔城区域暴雨事件的时空变化特征及其影响因子.结果表明:塔城区域年平均暴雨发生频数为 1.98 站日,呈西北部多、中东部少的分布特征;年平均暴雨量为6.83 mm,最大值出现在塔城站,最小值出现在炮台站.塔城区域暴雨频数和年暴雨量总体呈增多趋势;暴雨频数季节分布呈单峰型,主要集中在 5-8 月,7 月最多.暴雨事件年代际变化阶段性特征明显,20 世纪 60 年代—21 世纪 00 年代为偏少期,20 世纪 70 年代偏少幅度最大,21 世纪 10年代进入偏多期.西太平洋副热带高压面积、强度和北界位置指数与暴雨频数呈正相关,亚洲极涡面积(强度)指数、北半球极涡面积(强度)指数与暴雨频数呈负相关.ENSO(厄尔尼诺-南方涛动)冷(暖)事件与塔城区域暴雨的少(多)有较好的对应关系.
Abstract
Using the daily observation data of nine national meteorological stations in Tacheng area of Xinjiang,and the atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature index from National Climate Center during 1960-2022,the spatial-temporal variation characteristics and influencing factors of rainstorm events in Tacheng region were analyzed.The results show that:The rainstorm events occur 125 times in Tacheng area,and the annual average frequency of stations and days is 1.98 d,with a distribution pattern of more in the northwest and less in the central and eastern regions.The annual average rainfall is 6.83 mm,with the maximum value appearing at Tacheng station and the minimum value at Paotai station.The frequency and annual rainfall in Tacheng region show an overall increasing trend.The seasonal distribution of rainstorm frequency shows a single peak type,mainly occurring from May to August,with the most in July.The decadal variation of rainstorm is obvious,from the 1960s to the 2000s the rainstorm is less than the average value during 1991-2020,especially in the 1970s the rainstorm is the least.The rainstorm frequency begins to increase obviously in the 2010s.Western Pacific subtropical high area(intensity,northern boundary position)index are positively correlated with the rainstorm frequency,while the Asian polar vortex area(intensity)index and Northern Hemisphere polar vortex area(intensity)index are negatively correlated with the rainstorm frequency.The cold(warm)ENSO(El Niño-Southern Oscillation)events have a good correspondence with the less(more)rainstorm in Tacheng region.
关键词
暴雨/时空分布/新疆塔城Key words
rainstorm/spatial-temporal distribution/Tacheng of Xinjiang引用本文复制引用
基金项目
新疆气象科技创新发展基金项目(MS202217)
新疆人才发展基金"天山英才"计划新疆"三农"骨干人才培养项目(2022SNGGT012)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A26)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据