选取1955-2020年冬季阿勒泰市基本气象要素数据,根据国标《滑雪气象指数》(QX/T 386-2017)计算阿勒泰市日、小时等不同时间尺度的滑雪气象指数,并分析其变化规律.结果表明:(1)平均每年冬季滑雪气象指数为1级和2级的日数分别为72、44 d,占比为55.5%和33.8%,合计占比高达89.4%.(2)11月下旬—12月中旬以及2月下旬—3月中旬日滑雪气象指数达1级标准或2级标准的日数占比超过90%,滑雪气象指数为1级的日数占比超过60%,是冬季滑雪气象指数最高时段.(3)随着冬季气候变暖,日最高气温低于-16℃的日数明显减少,因此阿勒泰冬季滑雪气象指数变化特征表现为1级和2级标准的日数明显增多,3级和4级标准的日数明显减少.(4)12-19时滑雪气象指数为非常适宜时段,13-18时为最佳时段,16时为最优时次.(5)近9年冬季因气温原因导致日滑雪气象指数为3级和4级的个例中,任意时次的小时滑雪气象指数均为3级或4级;因降雪原因导致日滑雪气象指数为3级和4级的个例中,小时滑雪气象指数为1级或2级的时长平均分别为10、8 h.
Skiing Meteorological Index Characteristics of the Snowy Capital Altay in China from 1955 to 2020
To explore the meteorological condition changing law for winter sports,the skiing meteorological index in different time scales such as daily and hourly were calculated according to the national standard"skiing meteorological index"(QX/T 386-2017),based on the meteorological data during winters from 1955 to 2020 in Altay,China.The results showed that:(1)In recent 66 years,the average number of days with skiing meteorological index of Grade 1 and Grade 2 per year is 72 days and 44 days,respectively,accounting for 55.5％and 33.8％respectively,accounting for 89.4％in total.(2)From late November to mid-December,and from late February to mid-March,the index is the highest.The proportion of days with Grade 1 or Grade 2 skiing meteorological indices exceed 90％,with more than 60％of days reaching Grade 1.(3)In the recent 66 years,with the warming trend in winter,the days with the highest temperature below-16℃ has decreased significantly.Therefore,the days of Grade 1 and Grade 2 increase significantly and the days of Grade 3 and Grade 4 decrease significantly.(4)12:00-19:00 is a very suitable period for skiing,13:00-18:00 is a better period,and 16:00 is the best.(5)In recent 9 years in winter,when the daily index was Grade 3 and Grade 4 because of temperature,the hourly skiing meteorological index remained Grade 3 or Grade 4 for every hour.When the daily index was Grade 3 or Grade 4 because of snowfall,the duration for index reaching Grade 1 or Grade 2 was 10 hours and 8 hours respectively.
skiing meteorological indexwintersnowy capital in ChinaAltay
万方数据
