The Origin of Veranda Style of Thirteen Hong Area in Canton
Japanese scholar Terunobu Fujimori believed that the veranda style was the origin of modern Chinese architecture,and he suggested that the Thirteen Hong area could have been the original landing place.The Thirteen Hong area was destroyed by fire in 1856,and the exact circumstances of the origin of the veranda style have not been thoroughly explored.This article contextualizes the spread of the veranda style within Asian seaport cities since the 17th century.Through close reading of historical documents and export paintings,the article focuses on the plan and façade of the south end of the factories in the Thirteen Hong area to explore the process of the formation of the veranda style.It argues that the veranda style of the Thirteen Hong area includes the arcade type represented by the French Hong and the portico type represented by the New English Hong,ant it first appeared on the front façade of the French Hong in the late 1760s.The veranda style evolved spatially from the traditional architecture of Canton,while the façade was influenced by European architecture,and was not a wholly imported colonial style.
Thirteen Hong area in Cantonveranda stylefaçadecornicearcadeporticologgia
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