From Rationalism to Social Criticism:Theoretical Construction of Contemporary Western Urban Planning
Urban planning serves as a crucial tool for the state to regulate the production and distribution of spatial resources and intervene in the state-society relationship.It plays a vital role in driving urban development and achieving social justice.Un-derstanding the evolution of its theoretical framework is essential for grasping the essence of urban planning.Western urban planning has transitioned from instrumental rationalism to an ontological pursuit of urban justice.It has evolved from being a technical instru-ment to achieve urban functionalism and spatial aesthetics to becoming a social policy that strives for urban rights and justice.Throughout this process,the critical social function of urban planning has propelled the progress of modern nations,urging them to move beyond the mechanistic modernism inherent in traditional urban planning.This has led to the adoption of a more flexible and socially grounded approach to planning,reshaping spatial resources and promoting regional innovative development.Simultaneously,in response to the pluralism and diversity of post-modern society and the demand for spatial justice from urban residents,contempo-rary urban planning adopts a perspective of"spatial criticism"and continually draws new blueprints for inclusive and equitable na-tional development.
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