摘要
从康德到黑格尔的理性主义批判方法尽管在概念上有着内在批判的渊源,但又没有完全进入现实的内在批判.青年马克思通过对黑格尔法哲学的批判内在地揭示了理性国家的二律背反,并发现了现代国家中由政治理智和政治解放都无力解决的非理性因素,由此使真正的哲学批判聚焦到无产阶级这一现代社会的内在分裂点上.不同于表象上的批判和非历史的、抽象的教条主义批判,青年马克思通过哲学把握时代问题的内在线索,聚焦于现代社会与其自身的内在矛盾,并以此为现实的否定性中介而内在揭示了德国的时代困境,最终为德国的现代化发展与人的解放打开了可能性.青年马克思具有现实性、历史性与规范性基础的内在批判方法是对理性主义批判方法的内在超越.
Abstract
The rationalist critical approach from Kant to Hegel,despite its roots in immanent critique,has yet to fully engage with the immanent critique of reality.By revealing the dichotomy of the rational state in his critique of Hegel's philosophy of right and uncovering the irrational element within the modern state,which political reason and emancipation failed to resolve,young Marx directed genuine philosophical critique toward the proletariat as the intrinsic dividing point of modern society.Unlike superficial,a-historical,and abstract critiques,Marx's approach delved into the immanent contradictions of modern society itself,offering a pro-found understanding of contemporary issues.Through this lens,Marx internally exposed Germany's dilemma of the era,ultimately paving the way for its modernization and human liberation.His immanent critique,grounded in reality,history,and normativity,re-presented a deeper transcendence of the rationalist critical approach.
基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(20720221063)
维普
万方数据