Structure,Secretory Characteristics,and Pathogenic Mechanism of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles(OMVs)are vesicle-like structures released by Gram-negative bacteria during their growth.OMVs can be considered as"long-range weapons"of bacteria.OMVs play an important role in bacterial pathogenesis,which functions are to attack host tissues and help bacterial pathogens establish their biological niche,damage host cell functions,and regulate host defense.The substances secreted by bacteria into vesicles can drive special functions in the environment through combination,such as quorum sensing communication,biofilm formation,nutrition acquisition,antibiotic resistance,stress response,competition or defense against other microorganisms,environment,microbial community status,nucleic acid transfer,horizontal gene transfer,delivery of toxins and virulence factors.These characteristics play an indispensable role in the growth cycle of bacteria.This article mainly reviews the latest research progress in the structure,secretory characteristics,and regulatory pathogenicity mechanism of bacterial OMVs,providing theoretical guidance for the in-depth study of bacterial pathogenicity mechanism and the development of new antibacterial strategies.
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