摘要
旨在对法系大白猪生长、繁殖和体尺性状进行遗传参数估计,为育种实践中目标性状选择及指数模型权重系数设定提供数据支撑.本研究收集了黑龙江某原种猪场2020-2023年法系大白猪生长性状信息8 751条,繁殖性状信息12 762条,体尺性状信息7 407条.使用DMU软件,基于动物模型估计法系大白猪生长性状达100 kg体重日龄(D100)、100 kg日增重(DG100)、100 kg体重活体背膘厚(BF100)、100 kg体重眼肌面积(LMA100);繁殖性状总产仔数(TNB)、产活仔数(NBA)、健仔数(NHB)、初生窝重(LBW);体尺性状体长(BL)、体高(BH)、管围(CBC)的遗传参数.结果表明:大白猪生长性状(D100、DG100、BF100、LMA100)遗传力分别为0.232、0.220、0.334、0.390,均属于中等遗传力性状;繁殖性状(TNB、NBA、NHB、LBW)遗传力分别为0.081、0.065、0.060、0.090,均属于低遗传力性状;体尺性状(BL、BH、CBC)遗传力分别为0.677、0.877、0.227,BL、BH属于高遗传力性状,CBC属于中等遗传力性状.大白猪生长性状D100与DG100之间的遗传相关与表型相关分别为-0.999、-0.994,呈现出较强的负相关.繁殖性状的遗传相关和表型相关均呈正相关,NBA与NHB的遗传相关和表型相关均最高,分别为0.995和0.977.体尺性状之间的遗传相关和表型相关分别在-0.345～0.246和-0.057～0.125,BL与BH之间的遗传相关与表型相关均为负相关,且表型相关程度不高.以上结果表明,在育种实践中需要针对上述生长性状、繁殖性状和体尺性状遗传参数的不同特点,制定合理的育种方案,本研究估计的大白猪群体遗传参数,可以作为制定育种方案的依据,提高育种工作效率.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of growth,reproduction traits and body measurements of French Large White pigs,and provide a basis for the selection of target traits and the setting of weight coefficient of index model in breeding process.In this study,8 751,12 762,7 407 records for growth trait,reproductive trait and body measurements were collected,respectively from a pig breeding farm in Heilongjiang Province from 2020 to 2023.DMU software was used for statistical analyses of all data.Genetic parameters was estimated by using animal models for the following traits:growth traits including the age(D100),average daily gain(DG100),backfat thickness(BF100),eye muscle area at 100 kg(LMA100),reproductive traits including total number born(TNB),number born alive(NBA),number healthy born(NHB),litter birth weight(LBW),body measurements including body length(BL),body height(BH)and tube circumference(CBC)in French Large White pigs.The results showed that the heritability estimates in French Large White pigs were 0.232,0.220,0.334 and 0.390 for growth traits(D100,DG100,BF100 and LMA100),respectively,which belonged to the medium heritability traits.The heritability estimates were 0.081,0.065,0.060,0.090 for reproductive traits(TNB,NBA,NHB,LBW),respectively,all belonging to low heritability traits.The heritability estimates were 0.677,0.877 and 0.227 for body measurements traits(BL,BH and CBC),respectively.BL and BH belonged to high heritability traits,while CBC belonged to medium heritability traits.The genetic and phenotypic correlations between D100 and DG100 in French Large White pigs were-0.999 and-0.994,respectively,showing strong negative correlations.There were positive genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation among reproductive traits,and the genetic and phenotypic correlation between NBA and NHB were the highest,which were 0.995 and 0.977,respectively.The genetic and phenotypic correlations among body size traits ranged from-0.345 to 0.246 and from-0.057 to 0.125,respectively.A negative but not high genetic and phenotypic correlation was estimated between BL and BH.The above results indicate that it is necessary to formulate a reasonable breeding program according to the different characteristics of the genetic parameters for above growth,reproductive traits and body measurements in breeding process.The estimated genetic parameters in French Large White pigs in this study could provide some reference for formulating breeding programs and improving breeding efficiency.
基金项目
黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2022C026)
黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2022C094)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32070571)
黑龙江省农科院畜牧兽医分院自拟课题(ZNKT-202210)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据