Detection of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1 and Pathogenicity of an Isolated Strain
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of feline herpesvirus-1(FHV-1)in Chengdu city.From 2020 to 2023,a total of 178 conjunctiva,pharynx and nose swabs were collected from cats with respiratory symptoms in Chengdu city.The collected samples were subjected to FHV-1 PCR detection,gE gene genetic evolutionary analysis,viral isolation and identification,as well as pathogenicity.The results showed that,the FHV-1 positivity rate in Chengdu city was 11.8％(21/178).In which the FHV-1 positivity rate of veterinary hospitals was 6.4％(7/110)and 20.6％(14/68)in catteries,suggested that the higher rate of FHV-1 infection was in catteries.The genetic evolutionary analysis of five FHV-1 gE genes showed that the nucleotide homology was 99.1％～100％to the vaccine strains,and three unique amino acid mutation sites were found in PX-9 strain(L259Q,C294I,W295F).Five positive samples were isolated and cultured by CRFK cell,only PX-9 strain was successfully isolated and identified from CRFK cells.The results of animal regression experiment by PX-9 strain showed that all cats in the infected group exhibited clinical symptoms,such as increased ocular,nasal secretions and sneezing.The highest viral load was found on the 4th day after inoculation(9.05×107 copies·μL-1),and the detoxification period is relatively long.The results of FHV-1 viral load were 1.7 × 107 and 3.5 × 104 copies·μg-1 in trachea and lungs of infected group,respectively.The other tissues were negative for FHV-1 DNA.The results of this study indicated that FHV-1 was still prevalent in Chengdu and the prevalent strains had highly pathogenicity.
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