Pathogens,Diagnosis,and Prevention of Upper Respiratory Diseases in Cats
Feline upper respiratory disease(FURTD)is widely spread in cats,characterized by upper respiratory,oral,and eyes symptoms.There are various pathogens caused FURTD.Ex-cept for common pathogens such as feline calicivirus(FCV),feline herpesvirus type 1(FHV-1),Chlamydia felis(C.felis),Mycoplasma felis(M.felis),andBordetella bronchiiseptica(Bb),there are still many other sporadic infections in clinical practice.Clinically,there are often cases of co-infection by multiple pathogens,and the continuous evolution easily leads to the increased pathogenicity and changes of tissue tropism.The complexity of this etiology often makes the pre-vention and treatment of FURTD more difficult.Meanwhile,due to the similar symptoms caused by many pathogenic infections in cats,it is not possible to accurately determine the cause of the case solely based on clinical symptoms.To understand the characteristics of different pathogens and master detection methods specific for different pathogens are important to rapidly diagnose and provide efficient treatment strategies specific for FURTD.At present,lots of cases of FURTD caused by different pathogens are reported frequently.The diagnostic methods,treat-ments,and vaccine development for FURTD haven't been yet mature.Here,this article will sys-tematically clarify the FURTD-associated emerging and remerging pathogens,diagnostic meth-ods,treatment methods,and prevention and control measures,aiming to provide more ideas for the prevention and treatment of FURTD.
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