多基因编辑技术的发展及其在畜牧种质创新中的应用
The Development of Multi-Gene Editing Technology and Its Application in Agricultural Biological Germplasm Innovation
刘雯雯 1董发明 2毕延震3
作者信息
- 1. 河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳 471023;湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430064
- 2. 河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳 471023
- 3. 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430064;湖北洪山实验室,武汉 430070
- 折叠
摘要
CRISPR基因编辑技术可以更精准、高效地更改基因组DNA序列,近年来在动植物育种中被广泛应用.实践中对农业生物多性状协同改良的需求越来越大,仅靠对单一基因或位点的改变不能满足上述需求,所以亟需建立一套多基因同步编辑体系,对多个基因进行协同修饰.多个sgRNA同时表达是多基因同步编辑的关键,常见表达策略包括建立多个单顺反子sgRNA并联表达和多顺反子sgRNA串联表达.常用串联表达工具有核酸酶Csy4、tRNA系统以及自裂核酶等.本文对以上多基因编辑技术的优劣进行了分析和总结,探讨了下一步的发展方向,并指出其重要意义和应用前景.
Abstract
CRISPR gene editing technology can accurately and efficiently change the DNA source code and has been widely used in animal and plant breeding in recent years.In practice,the de-mand for multi-trait parallel improvement of agricultural organisms is increasing.The change of a single gene or locus alone cannot meet the above requirements.Therefore,it is desirable to es-tablish a multi-gene simultaneous editing system to modify multiple genes.Simultaneous expres-sion of multiple sgRNAs is critical to simultaneous editing of multiple genes.The commonly multi-sgRNA expression strategies include multiple single-cistron sgRNA parallel expression and multi-cistron sgRNA tandem expression.The frequently-used tandem expression tools include nuclease Csy4,tRNA system and self-cleaving ribozyme.This review analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the above multi-gene editing technology,discusses the future direction,and stresses its significance and application prospects.
关键词
CRISPR/多基因编辑/种质创新Key words
CRISPR/multi-gene editing/germplasm innovation引用本文复制引用
基金项目
&&(NK2022010207)
湖北省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2022BGE231)
科技援疆项目(2022E02138)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据