摘要
母牛繁殖性能是养牛业发展的基础,褪黑素作为一种多功能激素,具有结合MT1和MT2受体,降低促炎细胞因子(IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6)和升高抗炎细胞因子(IL-10、IL-IRa)的水平,促进抗氧化酶基因(Sod、Cat、Gpx、Gpx4)的表达,以及调节细胞自噬和线粒体自噬相关基因的水平,改变瘤胃和阴道微生物组成等多种作用,从而调控母牛卵泡细胞、颗粒细胞、胚胎发育以及发情、排卵、妊娠等繁殖性能.因此,本文综述了外源褪黑素在体内(外)调控母牛生殖的应用现状及其作用机制,为合理应用褪黑素提高母牛繁殖性能提供理论参考.
Abstract
The reproductive performance of cows is the basis for the development of cattle industry.As a multifunctional hormone,melatonin interacts with MT1 and MT2 receptors,reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6),enhances the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10,IL-IRa),and promotes the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes(Sod,Cat,Gpx,Gpx4).Additionally,it modulates autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy-related genes expression,alters the composition of rumen and vaginal microbiota,thereby influencing reproductive performance in bovine follicular cells,granulosa cells as well as embryonic develop-ment alongside estrus cycles,ovulation processes,and pregnancy outcomes.Consequently,this article reviews the current status and mechanisms underlying exogenous melatonin's role in regu-lating cow reproduction both in vivo and in vitro while providing a theoretical framework for its rational application to enhance reproductive efficiency in cattle.
维普
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