In recent years,given the rapid increase in population and the frequency of international trade,the risks associated with emerging infectious diseases caused by unknown viral agents have heightened,posing threats to human health,animal husbandry,and public health.Therefore,the ability to rapidly and accurately monitor and detect emerging viruses is among the most effec-tive strategies for controlling and preventing the outbreak of infectious diseases.While traditional methods for detecting virus are simple to operate and require minimal technical expertise,they are limited in terms of accuracy and timeliness.Unknown viruses can be directly detected from clinical samples by using appropriate molecular biological methods and sequencing technology,which is of great significance for the rapid identification of pathogens and the timely discovery of new viruses.This article reviews the basic principles,evolution and application fields of the methods and sequencing technologies used in the detection of emerging viruses in recent years.It also analyzes and compares their differences,advantages and disadvantages,offering valuable ref-erence for the readers.
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