Abstract
Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that,when expressed on the surface of cells,can mediate recipro-cal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM)interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs)that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion,migration,proliferation,survival,differentiation,and metabolism.All metazoan organisms possess integrins,and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicel-lularity,being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings,during embryonic develop-ment and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology.Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embry-onic development,normal physiology,and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine,including mammalian pregnancy,in par-ticular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall,subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes)development.This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure,ligand binding,and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development,implantation,and early placentation in pigs,sheep,humans,and mice as an example for rodents.A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE)and conceptus trophoblast is then presented,followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs,sheep,humans,and rodents.As appropriate for this journal,summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth,whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief.Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig.1,2,3,4,5 and 6 are present throughout the scientific literature,the illustrations in this manuscript are drafted as Viking imagery for entertainment purposes.
基金项目
USDA-NRICGP(98-35203-6337)
RCB,NRSA DHHS/NIH(1-F32-HDO 8501 O1A1)
USDA-NRI(2006-35203-17199)
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Research Initiative Competitive Fellowship(2012-67011-19892)
Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive(2016-67015-24955)
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture()
National Institutes of Health(1R21HD071468-01)
维普
万方数据