配方施肥对薄壳山核桃生长及土壤性状的影响

Effects of Formula Fertilization on the Growth and Soil Characteristics of Carya illinoensis

杜洋文 ¹周倩 ²杜拾平 ¹程军勇 ¹张荣洋³

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作者信息

1. 湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉 430075
2. 湖北省林木种苗管理总站武汉 430079
3. 京山市虎爪山林场,湖北荆门 431815
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摘要

为探索薄壳山核桃幼林生长发育的适宜施肥配方,采用氮、磷、钾3因素4水平16个处理的正交试验设计,探究不同施肥配方对薄壳山核桃幼林生长、土壤酶活性、土壤养分含量及叶片矿质养分含量的影响.结果表明:影响幼林树高和茎粗增长量大小的肥料主次顺序为:尿素、氯化钾、过磷酸钙,最优水平组合为:尿素0.45 kg/株+过磷酸钙1.71 kg/株+氯化钾0.28 kg/株;影响叶片氮、磷、钾含量高低的肥料主次顺序为:氯化钾、尿素、过磷酸钙,最优水平组合为:尿素0.11 kg/株+过磷酸钙0.85 kg/株+氯化钾0.46 kg/株;影响土壤有效氮、磷、钾及有机质含量高低的肥料主次顺序为:尿素、氯化钾、过磷酸钙,最优水平组合为:尿素0.33 kg/株十过磷酸钙1.28 kg/株+氯化钾0.28 kg/株;影响土壤酶活性高低的肥料主次顺序为:尿素、过磷酸钙、氯化钾,最优水平组合为:尿素0.22 kg/株+过磷酸钙0.85 kg/株+氯化钾0.28 kg/株.树高和茎粗增长量与叶片全氮和全磷含量存在显著负相关,土壤蔗糖酶与土壤有效氮、磷、钾存在显著正相关.总体上,对薄壳山核桃幼林生长发育影响的肥料主次顺序为:尿素、氯化钾、过磷酸钙,最优施肥水平组合为尿素0.45 kg/株+过磷酸钙0.85 kg/株+氯化钾 0.28 kg/株.

Abstract

To explore the suitable fertilization formulas for the growth and development of the Carya illinoensis young forest,a N,P,K 3 factors with 4 levels in 16 treatments of orthogonal experiment was designed to explore the effects of different fertilization formulas on the growth,soil enzyme activity,soil nutrient content and the nutrient content of leaf mineral.The order of fertilizer affecting the young forest tree height and stem thickness growth reducing as:urea,potassium chloride,calcium superphosphate and the optimal level combination was:0.45 kg·plant-1 urea+1.71 kg·plant-1 calcium perphosphate+0.28 kg·plant-1 potassium chloride.The order of fertilizer affecting the content of leaf nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium reducing as:potassium chloride,urea,calcium superphosphate and the optimal level combination was:0.11 kg·plant-1 urea+0.85 kg·plant-1 calcium superphosphate+0.46 kg·plant-1 potassium chloride.The order of fertilizer that affected the effective content of soil nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic matter reducing as:urea,potassium chloride,calcium superphosphate and the optimal level combination was:0.33 kg·plant-1 urea+1.28 kg·plant-1 calcium perphosphate+0.28 kg·plant-1 potassium chloride.The order of fertilizer that affected the level of soil enzyme activity reducing as:urea,calcium superphosphate,potassium chloride and the optimal level combination was:0.22 kg·plant-1 urea+0.85 kg·plant-1 calcium superphosphate+0.28 kg·plant-1 potassium chloride.The growth of tree height and stem diameter were significantly negatively correlated with leaf total N and P contents.There was a significant positive correlation between soil sucrase and soil effective N,P and K.The order of fertilizer affecting the growth and development of young forest reducing as:urea,potassium chloride,calcium superphosphate and the optimal level of fertilization combination was 0.45 kg·plant-1 urea+0.85 kg·plant-1 calcium perphosphate+0.28 kg·plant-1 potassium chloride.

关键词

配方施肥/薄壳山核桃/生长/土壤酶/土壤养分/叶片养分

Key words

formula fertilization/Carya illinoensis/growth/soil enzymes/soil nutrients/leaf nutrients

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出版年

2025

西南大学学报(自然科学版)

西南大学学报编辑部

西南大学学报(自然科学版)

CSCD北大核心

影响因子：0.825

ISSN：1673-9868

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