Effect of adjunct human chorionic gonadotropin therapy on reproductive function in cryptorchid rats
Objective To explore the effect of adjunct human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)therapy on bilateral testicular reproductive function after orchiopexy in unilateral cryptorchidism rats and to provide animal experimental rationales for adjunct hormone therapy of children with cryptorchidism.Methods The pregnant rats in experimental group recieved flutamide for inducing their offspring to develop cryptorchidism phenotype while the pregnant rats in control group were treated with corn oil.Fifteen 21-day-old unilateral cryptorchidism rats were randomized into 3 groups of cryptorchidism,orchiopexy and orchiopexy plus hCG.And five 21-day-old healthy male rats were selected as control group.Ochiopexy was performed in orchiopexy and orchiopexy plus hCG groups.Sham operation was performed in control and cryptorchidism groups.At Day 3/10 post-operation,50 U(1 ml)hCG was hypodermically injected in rats of orchiopexy plus hCG group.And 1 mL normal saline was hypodermically injected in three other groups.At Day 60 post-birth,the rats were enthanized and samples of blood,testes and epididymides collected.Testicular weight,testicular organ coefficent and sperm count were measured.Mean diameter of seminefrous tubule and thickness of germinal epithelial cell were calculated.The concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH)and testosterone(T)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The levels of germ cell apoptosis were examined with TUNEL method and apoptotic rate was calculated.Results The weight of affected testis was significantly higher in orchiopexy plus hCG group than that in orchiopexy group[(0.63±0.13)vs(0.37±0.06)g,P＜0.01].And testicular organ coefficent of affected testis showed the same result[(2.00±0.39)‰ vs(1.18±0.17)‰,P＜0.001].Mean diameter of seminefrous tubule was higher in orchiopexy plus hCG group than that in orchiopexy group[(152.1±11.5)vs(137.2±16.2)μm,P＜0.001].And the same result was found for mean thickness of germinal epithelial cell[(40.1±8.4)vs(32.9±6.6)μm,P＜0.001].Germ cell apoptosis rates of cryptorchidism,orchiopexy and orchiopexy plus hCG groups differed insignificantly at affected side(P＞0.05).No significant difference existed in concentration of FSH/LH/T between orchiopexy plus hCG and orchiopexy groups(P＞0.05).Testicular weight,testicular organ coefficent,mean diameter of seminefrous tubule,mean thickness of germinal epithelial cell,germ cell apoptosis rates sperm count and testicular histopathology differed insignificantly at normal side(P＞0.05).Conclusion In unilateral cryptorchidism rats,adjunct hCG therapy may improve the reproductive function of affected testis induced by flutamide after orchiopexy.And it has minor effect on contralateral testis.
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