The Teleological Thought of Folk Fairy Tale Studies:Take the Famous Swiss Scholar Max Lüthi as an Example
Teleology is a theory that explores the purpose,arche and destination of things,which has a potential and profound connection with the study of literary forms,the famous Swiss scholar Max Lüthi's studies on folk fairy tales takes teleological thought as the starting point and keynote.This teleology does not mean what the purpose of the researcher's studies on folk fairy tales is,but that the researcher needs to take the purpose of folk fairy tales itself as the purpose,and the fundamental purpose of the research is to intuitively understand the purpose of folk fairy tales itself and promote the complete realization of this internal purpose(Entelechie),at least it is necessary to analyze the preconditions for the complete realization of the inner purpose of folk fairy tale.It is on the basis of a teleological stance that Lüthi examines the evolution of the form of folk fairy tales,arguing that the narrators of fairy tales and other folk literary genres cannot be completely arbitrary,but must narrate or narrate under the laws and requirements of the purpose forms of various genres.At the same time,Lüthi not only treats European folk fairy tales as a whole,but also sees the storyteller,bearer and protagonist of the fairy tale as a whole,which means that Lüthi's study of folk fairy tales has a holistic and universalist teleological stance.So teleological thought is not only a key to deep our understanding of Max Lüthi's studies of folk fairy tales,but also has profound theoretical enlightenment value for the methodology of studying literature and folklore.
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