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当代欧美"共同性"思潮的演进

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当下流行于欧美学界的"共同性"思想尚未在国内学界被系统研究,但这股思想潮流不仅是国外学界前沿理论动态,更是马克思主义最新思想资源。"共同性"思想根植于近年来在欧美流行的公地运动及其相关研究,以及在这一实践与理论进程中产生的治理方法与公地形态两个层次的突破性进展。以奈格里、哈特等人主导的思想共同体作为参考点,对目前"共同性"思想的整体发展情况可从两个层面展开分析:从对话性补充一侧来看,这一思想共同体内部的拓展,使得"共同性"从物的单一维度拓展至物—关系的双重维度,并最终将"共同性"锚定为一种生产方式;从论战性批判一侧来看,针对"共同性"思想的自治主义政治取向、公地运动渊源和马克思主义理论底色,各自形成了分别基于上述三个维度的批判。更进一步地,激进左翼学者将从公地研究中抽象出的"共同性"思想与马克思主义传统中的共产主义思想相结合,试图一方面借助最新的思想与实践资源在当代激活马克思曾提出的共产主义设想,一方面又以共产主义自身深厚的历史积淀来为"共同性"思想注入革命力量。
The Evolution of Contemporary European and American Thought on"Common"
At present,the thought of"common"popular in the European and American academic circles has not been systematically studied in the domestic academic circles,but this ideological trend is not only the advanced theoretical trends of the academic circles abroad,but also the latest resources of Marxist thought.The idea of"common"is rooted in the commons movement popular in Europe and America in recent years and its related research,as well as the breakthrough of governance method and common land form in the process of practice and theory.From the intellectual community led by figures like Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt as a reference point,examining the overall development of the current thought of"common,"we can analyze it from two perspectives:From the dialogical supplementary aspect,the expansion within this intellectual community extends the thought of"common"from a singular dimension of things to a dual dimension of things and relations,ultimately anchoring the thought of"common"as the mode of production.From the polemical critical aspect,regarding the autonomist political orientation,the origins of the commons movement,and the Marxist theoretical underpinnings of the thought of"common,"critiques have emerged based on these three dimensions,respectively.Further,radical left scholars combine the thought of"common"abstracted from the study of the commons with the communist theory in the Marxist tradition,trying to activate the communist assumption once put forward by Marx with the latest ideological and practical resources on the one hand,and inject revolutionary power into the thought of"common"with the profound historical accumulation of communism itself.

commonthe commons movementcommunismcommonismMarxism

潘沈阳

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清华大学哲学系(北京 100084)

共同性 公地运动 共产主义 共同主义 马克思主义

国家社会科学基金重大项目国家社会科学基金重点项目

22&ZD01819AZD002

2024

学术月刊
上海市社会科学界联合会

学术月刊

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.846
ISSN:0439-8041
年,卷(期):2024.56(4)
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