针对虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)中供给侧与负荷侧价格传导问题,考虑能源侧新能源出力不确定性、大电网购电价格、各类机组运行成本,文章提出了一种VPP厂内部动态分时电价策略,并综合考虑了负荷侧综合需求响应提出了 EV接入的VPP双层经济调度模型,以保证VPP的低碳经济运行.上层考虑能源侧成本,以VPP运营商供能成本最小为目标函数,并将碳捕集系统(carbon capture system,CCS)作为灵活性资源,提出一种充分利用新能源与电网低谷电量的碳捕集装置运行模式.下层考虑包括EV在内的负荷侧用能成本,以用能成本最小为目标函数.最后,通过算例结果验证了所提策略的有效性.结果表明,相较于采用大电网分时电价机制,文章所提动态分时电价机制可节约51.8％的能源供给成本,且可降低81.62％的CO2排放量,有效提升了 VPP经济性与低碳性.
Research on Two-Layer Optimal Scheduling of Virtual Power Plant Based on Dynamic Time-of-Use Electricity Price
Addressing the price transmission issue between the supply and demand sides in virtual power plants(VPP),this paper takes into account the uncertainty of renewable energy output,grid electricity purchase prices,and operating costs of various units.The authors propose a dynamic time-of-use pricing strategy within the VPP and,considering the comprehensive demand response from the load side,introduce a two-layer economic dispatch model for VPP with EV(electric vehicle)integration to ensure low-carbon economic operation of the VPP.The upper layer focuses on the energy side costs,aiming to minimize the supply costs for VPP op-erators.It also introduces the carbon capture system(CCS)as a flexible resource,proposing an operational mode for the carbon capture device that maximizes the use of renewable energy and off-peak grid electricity.The lower layer considers the energy consumption costs of the demand side,including EVs,with the objective of minimiz-ing these costs.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is validated through numerical examples.The results show that,compared to the grid's time-of-use pricing mechanism,the proposed dynamic time-of-use pricing mechanism can save 51.8％of energy supply costs and reduce CO2 emissions by 81.62％,effectively enhancing the economic and low-carbon performance of the VPP.
Dynamic pricing mechanismvirtual power plant scheduling optimiza-tionintegrated demand responsecarbon capture
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