骨与软组织肉瘤是一组异质性肿瘤,起源于骨骼或软组织中的不同细胞类型,根据国际肿瘤分类学委员会(International Classification of Disease for Oncology Third Edition,ICD-O3)的分类,骨与软组织肉瘤可以分为50余种亚型,其中骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤和尤文肉瘤是最常见的3种原发性恶性骨肿瘤.由于骨与软组织肉瘤具有侵袭性、易转移和发展快的特点,传统治疗手段虽然可以控制疾病进展,但对于晚期或复发性患者的生存率提升仍然有限.免疫治疗以激活患者自身免疫系统为核心,通过调节免疫反应,实现对肿瘤的有针对性攻击,从而在最大程度上减少对正常组织的损害,这一治疗策略的独特性和高效性使其成为当前癌症治疗领域备受瞩目的研究热点.基于此,本综述将系统性地回顾并总结骨与软组织肉瘤免疫治疗的最新研究进展,重点关注已经在临床试验中取得成功的免疫治疗手段,并探讨其在改善患者预后、减轻治疗不良反应以及提高生存质量方面的潜在作用,以期为进一步探索免疫治疗在骨与软组织肉瘤中的应用提供参考和启示.
A Study on the Progress of Immunotherapy for Bone and Soft Tissue Sar-coma
Bone and soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that originate from different cell types in bone or soft tissue.According to the classification of the International Classification of Disease for Oncology third edition(ICD-O3),bone and soft tissue sarcomas can be divided into more than 50 subtypes.Among them,osteosar-coma,chondrosarcoma,and Ewing sarcoma are the 3 most common primary malignant bone tumors.Due to the aggres-sive,metastatic,and rapid development of bone and soft tissue sarcomas,traditional treatments can control the progres-sion of the disease,but the survival rate of patients with advanced or recurrent disease is still limited.Immunotherapy focuses on activating the patient's own immune system,and by regulating the immune response,it can achieve tar-geted attack on the tumor,thus minimizing the damage to normal tissues.The uniqueness and efficiency of this thera-peutic strategy have made it a hot research topic in the field of cancer treatment.Based on this,this review will sys-tematically review and summarize the latest research progress of immunotherapy for bone and soft tissue sarcomas,fo-cusing on the immunotherapies that have been successful in clinical trials and exploring their potential roles in im-proving the prognosis of patients,mitigating the adverse reation of treatment,and improving the quality of survival,with a view to providing references and inspirations for further exploring the application of immunotherapy in bone and soft tissue sarcomas.
Bone and soft tissue sarcomaImmunotherapyImmune checkpoint inhibitors
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