如何降低错误健康信息的持续影响效应?——一个编码与巩固的视角
How to Reduce the Continued Influence of Health Misinformation?—An Encoding and Consolidation Perspective
董庆兴 1王雪宁 2张梦毅2
作者信息
- 1. 武汉大学新闻与传播学院,湖北武汉 430072
- 2. 武汉大学国家文化发展研究院,湖北武汉 430072
- 折叠
摘要
错误信息被纠正之后,仍会继续影响人们的思维和决策.本文在记忆双加工理论和知识修正理论的指导下,分别在纠正信息的编码和巩固阶段,考查了时间间隔影响下纠正方式和重复测试对降低错误健康信息持续影响效应的作用.实验研究结果显示:结合简单纠正和详细纠正的组合纠正比单一的纠正方式更能产生好的纠正效果,且产生的纠正效果不受时间间隔的调节;同时,重复测试一定程度上能够降低错误健康信息的持续影响效应,但随着纠正后时间间隔的延长,持续影响效应仍会在一定范围内逐渐增强.本研究有助于研究者更细致地理解错误健康信息持续影响效应的机理,降低错误健康信息的持续影响.
Abstract
The continued influence effect refers to the finding that falsehoods persist in people's thinking and decision-making,even after they have received the retraction of misinformation.From the perspective of the dual process of memory and knowledge revision theory,this study aimed to investigate how correction methods,repetition tests,and retention interval affect the continued influence effect of health misinformation in the encoding and consolidation stages.In the experiments,we found that negation-plus-explanation interventions can produce a better correction effect than other methods.However,it is not regulated by the retention interval.Meanwhile,the continued influence effect of health misinformation can be reduced to a certain extent by repeated tests,but it becomes stronger over time.These results contribute to our understanding of how to correct health misinformation and reduce the continued influence effect.
关键词
错误健康信息/持续影响效应/纠正方式/重复测试/时间间隔Key words
health misinformation/the continued influence effect/correction methods/repetition tests/retention interval引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据