The research on the renal artery and hypertension has a history of nearly a century.In the field of renal vascular hypertension,previous randomized controlled studies have suggested that interventional treatments may not provide additional benefits to patients compared to medication alone.However,hemodynamic assessment and novel imaging technique may offer potential for more precise patient selection and individualized treatment evaluation.The emergence of renal denervation(RDN)as a new technology in the treatment of hypertension through renal artery,after a tumultuous journey of evidence-based research,is now poised to enter clinical practice in China.A comprehensive review of past research and an objective understanding of the dual nature of new technologies are essential to ensure the benign development of RDN.Furthermore,ongoing research is exploring additional new hypertension intervention and treatment technologies.These advancements centered around renal arteries are expected to play an irreplaceable role in the precise diagnosis and treatment of hypertension,ultimately benefiting a wide range of patients.