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网络爬虫技术应用中的刑法治理规范与责任边界

Application of Web Crawler Technology Under Criminal Law:Governance Criterion and Obligation Confinement

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随着我国数字经济的蓬勃发展,数据已被定义成为重要的生产要素之一.大到国家,小到企业和个人,都需从海量的网络数据资源中高效、精准地获取有价值的数据.作为数据获取工具的网络爬虫技术,由于其大大提高数据获取的效率和准确度,但同时网络爬虫技术也对数据安全带来了威胁,其应用规则也随之进入法律视野.在当前的实践中,刑法对该技术的规则模式常采用以"数据授权"为基准的形式判断.但这种规则模式,造成了责任归属的失准,缺失了实质性利益的权衡.爬虫技术的应用的核心是数据的获取,因此探讨其责任边界,就是对数据使用规则及性质的界分.改变以往以授权为基准的归责模式,通过对不同数据类型按照"分级分类"的管理,实现法益保护的类型化以及归责的类型化,为刑法规范提供合理界限.
Due to the flourishing of Chinese digital economy,data has been defined as an essential pro-ductive element.No matter a sovereign nation,an enterprise or even an individual,all need to choose valua-ble data from colossal database with high efficiency and accuracy.Web crawler technology,a efficient data extractor,has been widely applied for its remarkable performance in data extraction field.Simultaneously,data extracting technology greatly threats the security of data.Its regulations thereby were incorporated into the legal scope.In current legal practices,data authorization is often considered as an important criterion.However,this evaluation mode tends to lead to the ambiguity of responsibility and the missing of division of substantive interests.In light of data being the core of the application of data crawler technology,to ensure the boundary of its responsibility is to demarcate the nature,types and usage of data.This paper is to distin-guish different data based on hierarchical classification to establish the modes of legal interest protection and classification of obligation,so circling reasonable boundaries for criminal law practices.

Web Crawler TechnologyTechnology NeutralityCriminal Law GovernanceHierarchical Protection

潘晨子、陈奕博、申夏兵

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西北政法大学刑事法学院

华中科技大学公共管理学院

西北政法大学枫桥经验研究院

陕西省西安市碑林区人民检察院第二检察部

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网络爬虫技术 技术中立 刑法治理 数据分类分级保护

国家社会科学基金陕西省教育厅一般专项研究计划

20BFX06920JK0408

2024

信息技术与管理应用

信息技术与管理应用

ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.3(4)