With the rapid development of big data-driven supervision,various results have appeared,but few studies have paid attention to exploring the causes behind them.This paper tries to discuss and ex-plore what affects the outcome with the fsQCA method going through 18 empirical cases in China.It con-structs a theoretical framework based on the PDCA theory,then finds five pathways employed to explain why different cases show different results.This study could be beneficial for promoting the digital governance and digital power supervision in China.