This study simulates the long-term aging process of asphalt materials through rotating thin film oven heating test(RTFOT)and pressure aging test(PAV),and analyzes the basic properties,rheological properties,and aging mechanism of polyurethane modified asphalt by combining dynamic shear rheological test,bending beam rheological test,and Fourier transform in-frared spectroscopy.The research results show that compared with 5%SBS modified asphalt,30%polyurethane modified asphalt has less performance loss after aging and better thermal stability;The high-temperature performance of polyurethane modified asphalt is equivalent to that of SBS modified asphalt;Polyurethane significantly increases the elastic component in the complex modulus of matrix asphalt,and its fatigue performance is comparable to that of SBS modified asphalt;Polyurethane can significantly improve the low-temperature rheological properties of matrix asphalt,and polyurethane modified asphalt has better low-temperature performance than SBS modified asphalt;After PAV aging,the carbonyl,hydroxyl,and carboxyl compounds in polyurethane modified asphalt signifi-cantly increased,and the carbonyl/benzene ring content ratio of polyurethane materials significantly increased after PAV aging.