The Policy Effect of Tonnage Tax on the International Shipping Industry:A Test Based on Multi-period Difference-in-differences Model
The high-quality development of the international shipping industry requires support of nation-al policies due to its risk and long-cycle.From worldwide experiences,implementing tonnage tax is beneficial to enhancing the capacity of domestic ships.Based on the data of 24 countries with tonnage ranking among the top in the world as samples according to the 1994-2021 Annual Review Report of the Shipping Industry(is-sued by UNCTAD),we applied multi-period difference-in-differences model to research the impact of the tonnage tax on the international shipping industry.The results show that the implementation of tonnage tax at-tracts ships registered domestically,promotes the increase of the proportion of national flag tonnage and carry-ing tonnage,thus enhancing the competitiveness of the international shipping industry.In addition,heteroge-neity analysis indicates that there are differences in the effects of the tonnage tax on countries at different tax burden levels and countries in different regions,and the impact on high tax levels and non-European countries is greater.China should introduce tonnage tax to provide a good business environment for the international ship-ping industry.China's tonnage tax system should adopt the Dutch model,clarify that only international ship-ping and its directly related ancillary activities can apply tonnage tax,stipulate a lock-in period,and allow in-ternational shipping enterprises to choose to apply tonnage tax or enterprise income tax.
Tonnage taxInternational shipping industryShip registrationtTonnageTax system de-sign
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
