生态环境"首违不罚"的法理阐释与优化进路
Legal Interpretation and Improvement Path of"No Punishment for First Violation"in Ecological Environment
彭中遥1
作者信息
- 1. 湖南大学法学院,湖南长沙,410082
- 折叠
摘要
生态环境"首违不罚"是我国行政执法实践中自发形成的一项原创性制度.从法理上看,生态环境"首违不罚"既是经济发展与环境保护相互衡平之产物,亦是行政处罚与行政教育融合统一之结果,同时契合服务型政府与执法为民的价值取向.然而,从行政裁量基准视角检视,该项制度大体存在要件裁量含混不清、效果裁量较为狭隘、程序裁量付之阙如等困局.就其优化进路而言,可依循"情节细化、效果格化、程序制式化"的思路,厘清生态环境"首违不罚"的构成要件,构建格次化的行政处罚效果裁量体系,并型塑贯穿其运行始终的程序性规则及义务.
Abstract
"No punishment for first violation"in ecological environment is an original system spontane-ously formed in China's administrative law enforcement practice.From a legal perspective,"no punishment for first violation"of the ecological environment is not only a product of the balance between economic develop-ment and environmental protection,but also a crystallization of the integration and unity of administrative pun-ishment and administrative education,and is in line with the value orientation of"serving government"and"people-oriented law enforcement".However,from the perspective of administrative discretion standards,this law enforcement measure generally faces difficulties such as unclear element discretion,narrow effect discre-tion,and lack of procedural discretion.In this regard,we can follow the idea of"refining the plot,standardiz-ing the effect,and standardizing the procedure",clarify the constituent elements of"no punishment for first vi-olation"in the ecological environment,construct a hierarchical administrative penalty effect discretion sys-tem,and shape procedural rules and obligations that run through its operation.
关键词
生态环境/首违不罚/柔性执法/免罚清单/裁量基准Key words
Ecological environment/No punishment for first violation/Flexible law enforcement/Ex-emption list/Discretionary benchmark引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22ZDA109)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据