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彩礼返还的理论基础与请求权构造

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彩礼给付行为在性质上仍宜认定为附解除条件的赠与合同,彩礼给付方在实际给付前享有无条件的任意撤销权,实际给付后也可基于特定的解除条件请求返还彩礼.司法解释引入了过错因素以及动态系统论,可解释为进一步丰富了赠与合同的解除条件,但并未改变赠与合同的性质.在动态系统论的具体构造中,应将共同生活及孕育情况因素、彩礼数额因素、双方过错因素、当地习俗因素,作为彩礼返还中发挥评价作用且作用力逐级递减的因素,并确立基础评价乃至原则性示例来规范法律效果.在彩礼返还时,应以债权形式主义为出发点构建彩礼返还的请求权基础,针对不动产、动产和价金,可分别主张更正登记请求权、所有物返还请求权和不当得利返还请求权.
On the Theoretical Basis and Claim Construction of the Return of the Betrothal Gift
The act of paying the betrothal gift should still be recognized as a gift contract with a condition for rescission in nature.The betrothal gift payer enjoys unconditional right to revoke at will before the actual payment,and may also request the return of the betrothal gift based on the specific condition for rescission af-ter the actual payment.Judicial interpretation of the introduction of fault factors and dynamic system theory,can be interpreted as a further enrichment of the gift contract condition,but cannot change the nature of the gift contract.In the specific construction of the dynamic system theory,the joint needs of life and pregnancy situation,the amount of betrothal gift,the fault of both parties,the local customs shall be taken as the factors that play a role in the evaluation of the return of the betrothal gift,and establish the basic evaluation and even the principle example to regulate the legal effect.In the return of the betrothal gift,the creditor formalism should be the starting point for the construction of the basis of the claim.For real estate,movable property and the price of money,the right to request correction registration,the right to claim the return of the property and the right to claim the return of unjust enrichment can be claimed separately.

Return of the betrothal giftGift contract with a condition for rescissionFaultDynamic sys-tem theoryBasis of claim

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清华大学法学院,北京,100084

彩礼返还 附解除条件的赠与 过错 动态系统论 请求权基础

2024

学习与实践

学习与实践

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.(10)