The Demasking of People-oriented Theory:Configurations and Adaptation of People-oriented Theory in Pre-Qin Dynasty
The pre-Qin classical theory of people can not be collectively referred to as"people-oriented theory"in a monotonous way,but should be specifically divided into four configurations.These four configura-tions have their own emphasis,complement each other,and jointly present the overall attitude of the pre-Qin sons to the status of the people,and develop and perfect in the later generations,and have profound historical value for the contemporary world.The people-oriented theory,represented by"the people are the foundation of the state",presents the discourse function of functionalism and is shared by all the sons.The people's more important theory,represented by"the people are more important than the king",has certain characteristics of speculation.Mencius'theory of revolution,as a practical scheme,is not realistic and low in nature.The peo-ple's opinion theory and people's contract theory can be interpreted from Confucianism and Mohism respective-ly.The Confucian people's opinion theory is an idealized theoretical form different from the official democracy theory and an extension of Chinese political philosophy.Confucianism and Mohism have the possibility of adapting to each other.Mohist theory of civil covenant has a harmonizing effect on the Confucian people's opin-ion theory,which can enrich the practical aspect of the latter.These four configurations,each with its own side,are progressive and complementary to each other.Together,they present philosopher's overall attitude towards the status of the people,and have been developed and improved in later generations,which has a pro-found historical mirror value for the contemporary China and the whole world.
Pre-Qin theory of peoplePeople-oriented theoryPeople's more important theoryPeo-ple's opinion theoryPeople's contract theory
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