首页|Structural regulation of coal-derived hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries via pre-oxidation
Structural regulation of coal-derived hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries via pre-oxidation
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Hard carbon(HC)is broadly recognized as an exceptionally prospective candidate for the anodes of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),but their practical implemen-tation faces substantial limitations linked to precursor factors,such as reduced carbon yield and increased cost.Herein,a cost-effective approach is proposed to prepare a coal-derived HC anode with simple pre-oxidation followed by a post-carbonization process which effectively expands the d002 layer spacing,generates closed pores and increases defect sites.Through these modifications,the resulting HC anode attains a delicate equilibrium between plateau capacity and sloping capacity,showcasing a remarkable reversible capacity of 306.3 mAh·g-1 at 0.03 A·g-1.Fur-thermore,the produced HC exhibits fast reaction kinetics and exceptional rate performance,achieving a capacity of 289 mAh·g-1 at 0.1 A·g-1,equivalent to～94.5％of that at 0.03 A·g-1.When implemented in a full cell configu-ration,the impressive electrochemical performance is evi-dent,with a notable energy density of 410.6 Wh·kg-1(based on cathode mass).In short,we provide a straight-forward yet efficient method for regulating coal-derived HC,which is crucial for the widespread use of SIBs anodes.
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