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Application of in-situ characterization techniques in modern aqueous batteries
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The development of high-performance aqueous batteries calls for an in-depth knowledge of their charge-discharge redox and failure mechanism,as well as a sys-tematic understanding of the dynamic evolution of microstructure,phase composition,chemical composition,and local chemical environment of the materials for bat-tery.In-situ characterization technology is expected to understand and reveal the problems faced by aqueous rechargeable batteries,such as the dissolution of electrode materials,the growth of metal negative electrode dendrites,passivation,corrosion,side reactions and a series of problems.Based on this,typical in-situ characterization techniques and their basic mechanisms are summarized,including in-situ optical visualization,in-situ microscopy techniques(in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)),in-situ X-ray techniques(in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),in-situ near-edge structural X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XANES)),and in-situ spectroscopy techniques(in-situ Raman spectroscopy,in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)).Moreover,some emerging techniques concerning aqueous battery research,especially gas evolution and materials dissolution issues,such as in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM),in-situ fiber-optic sensing,in-situ gas chromatography(GC)are introduced.At last,the applications of advanced in-situ characterizations in future research of aqueous batteries are emphasized and discussed,along with some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions.
Jia-Hao Wu、Hong-Wei Cai、Zhao-Hui Deng、Jean-Jacques Gaumet、Yu Bao、Wen Luo
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Department of Physics,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China
Laboratoire de Chimie Et Physique:Approche Multi-Échelles,Des Milieux Complexes(LCP-A2MC),Institut Jean Barriol,Université de Lorraine,57070 Metz,France
Department of Medicinal Chemistry,Hubei College of Chinese Medicine,Jingzhou 434020,China
National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaKey R&D Program of Hubei Province
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