Abstract
Nonprecious-metal-group single-metal-atom catalysts with bifunctional catalytic capabilities toward the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)are highly sought after in energy-conver-sion and storage technology.However,producing renew-able and sustainable energy sources remains challenging.Currently,single-transition metal atoms anchored on π-πconjugated two-dimensional(2D)graphitic carbon nitride substrates form π-d conjugated conductive channels that enhance the overall electrocatalytic activity.Herein,first-principles calculations were carried out to design and demonstrate a novel macropore graphitic carbon nitride(g-C10N3)as a promising 2D electrocatalyst substrate to support single-transition metal(TM,from Sc to Au).The"donation-acceptance"charge interaction in the TM-N2 moiety effectively balances the adsorption strength of oxygenated intermediates in Ni@g-C10N3 and Rh@g-C10N3,making them effective bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts with IrO2/Pt-beyond overpotentials being as low as 0.39/0.38 V and 0.54/0.44 V,respectively.Additionally,they possess high stability and conductivity and are less susceptible to oxidation and corrosion under working conditions.This guarantees high activity under ambient conditions.Then,the origin of the OER/ORR activity of TM@g-C10N3 is explained using multilevel descriptors:intrinsic φ,Bader charge,integral crystal orbital Hamilton population(ICOHP),bond length,and d-band center(εd).In particular,for optimal Ni@g-C10N3,the clear hybridization between the Ni-d orbital and surface O-p orbital causes the paired electrons to occupy the bonding orbitals.This enables OH*to be adsorbed on the Ni@g-C10N3,thereby achieving the highest catalytic per-formance.
基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905175)
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