已公开个人信息在合理范围内处理的规范逻辑与实践因应
赵祖斌1
作者信息
摘要
我国对于已公开个人信息处理作了特别规定,由"已公开""在合理范围内处理""对个人权益有重大影响""个人明确拒绝"等规范构成要件因素组成了特殊规则体系,"在合理范围内处理"被置于规范体系中较为突出的位置,通过平衡已公开个人信息附着利益、补充知情同意规则和具化"信赖"理念发挥着价值导向和规范指引功能.作为权义复合性法律规则,其与"合理使用"不同,具有阻却违法、设定义务、赋予权利等多重面向.当个人信息处理"在合理范围内",符合其他规范构成要件因素便获得了合法性基础,信息处理者免于承担民事责任和刑事责任.因此,"在合理范围内处理"的判定尤为重要,立法却未对此作出明确规定,而其与必要等个人信息处理原则联系密切,天然地契合比例原则的要义,故可引入比例原则作为评判分析工具.为了保障已公开个人信息处理在合理范围内,需在建立数字信任的基础上强化已公开个人信息处理过程中的权利保障和义务履行.
Abstract
China has made special regulations on the processing of publicly disclosed personal informa-tion,which are composed of normative elements such as"already disclosed","processing within a reasona-ble range","having a significant impact on personal rights and interests",and"clear personal refusal"."Processing within a reasonable range"is placed in a prominent position in the normative system,playing a value oriented and normative guiding role by balancing the attached interests of publicly disclosed personal information,supplementing informed consent rules,and concretizing the concept of"trust".As a composite legal rule of rights and meanings,it differs from"fair use"in that it has multiple aspects such as preventing illegality,setting obligations,and granting rights.When personal information processing is within a reason-able range and combined with other normative elements,the legitimacy basis is obtained,and the informa-tion processor is exempt from civil and criminal liability.Therefore,the determination of"processing within a reasonable range"is particularly important,but legislation has not made clear provisions,and it is closely related to the principle of necessary personal information processing,which naturally conforms to the es-sence of the principle of proportionality.Therefore,the principle of proportionality can be introduced as a tool for evaluation and analysis.In order to guarantee"processing within a reasonable range",it is necessa-ry to enhance the protection of rights and the fulfilling of obligations in the process of processing publicly a-vailable personal information on the basis of establishing digital trust.
关键词
已公开个人信息/合理处理/利益衡量/比例原则Key words
Publicly Disclosed Personal Information/Reasonable Processing/Interest Measurement/Principle of Proportionality引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据